Field



sept. 18,1923. 1,468,393

J. L. PERKINS ET AL RACK BROACHING MACHINE LA; d INVENTORS.

yh@ A A TTORNE Y.

Sept. 1s, 1923.

J. L. PERKINS ET AL RACK BROAGHING MACHINE Filed July 22. 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. Q m t. .n @mi .M n# c N@ WD. 0 mw. .2.. V, @P w A u A A TTORNE Y.

Sept. 18, 1923.

J. L. PERKINS ET AL RACK BROACHING MACHINE 4- Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 22. 1921 E. @E w:

' INVENTORJ.

' A TTORNE Y.

sept.y 18, 1923.

.1. PERKINS ET Al. RACK BROAGHING MACHINE INI/ENTORS,

ATTORNEY.

Patented Sept. 18,V 1923.

, UNITED STATES masas PATENT OFFICE.

JULIAN L. PERKINS, `0F WEST SPRINGFIELD, ANDHIRAM D, CROET, OF SPRINGFIELD,

MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO PERKINS PILIANCE COMPANY, OFY SPRING- FIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OFA MASSACHUSETTS.

RACK-BROACHING MACHINE.

Application filed July 22,

Springfield, in said county and State,rhave invented anew and useful Rack-Broaching Machine, of which the following is a *speciH ication. y f

Our invention relatesto improvements in machines for breaching racks, and resides broadly and generally in a continuouslytraveling'cutting element, whichis caused to pass through a straight course that is part ot' the complete, circuitous path of travelV of said breach, mechanism for reciprocating said element in the plane of its rpath,` and means for intermittently actuating the ork, together with such subsidiary and auxiliary mechanism or mechanisms and parts and members as may be necessary or desirable in f order to render the machine completeand serviceable in -every respect, all as hereinafter set forth.

VThis invention is presented here in form` of an attachment for a machine for breaching gears, of which-machine Frank WV. Sic,- kles and ourselves are Joint'inventors, and

the same is included in a pending applica-` is located, and the cutting element is advanced until the work teeth are cut to depth, when said element is retracted, the work actuated to present the next succeeding portion thereof to Saidfirst, named teeth, and said element is advanced again, these operations being repeated until the required number of teeth have been cut in the work.

The shape and Size of the cutting-element teeth necessarily correspond to the shape and size of the slots cutin the work to form the teeth thereon.

The primary objectot ourinvention is to produce ai machinefor cuttingor breaching racks, or other objects of a more lor less snnilar character, in an expeditious, accurate,

1921. Serial No. 486,881.

and economical manner, so that the output of such machine is large as compared with that of machines for cutting racks in the old way. Ne are able to do this because with our machine a greater amount ot material is removed from the work in a given time, due to the fact that the cutting element operates on the total width oi' the work in every case,

andv to the further fact that said element can be driven at a speed which, even though i commensurate with the amount olf material removed, coupled with 'the other features that tend to accomplish or assist in acconri plislnng the same end, is great enough to Y enable the machine to produce the results noted above. Thus the cutting element removes a greater amount ot material in a given time than other types of rack cutters, and is, therefore, a very important factor in the increased productionof the machine. A' i Another object oi' our .invention is to providea machine of this cliaiactei'with which a very great number ot different kinds and sizes of racks and other work can be cut, even in the event it be required that the serrations are cut in the work are at some other than a right-angle to the longitudinal plane of said work.V This latter advantage is due to the presence of the universal head, vtor the cutting element with which the machine is provided.

A further object is to provide the machine with adequate and convenient meansV o adjustment and control, so that the same can readily be set 'for different kinds of work, and the operation of the machine is eiicient in every particular, and Ialways subject to the will of the operator.

ther objects' and advantages will appear in the course of the following description.

A. preferred form or embodiment of the invention, whereby we attain the objects and secure the advantages of the same, is iliustrated in theV accompanying drawings,

and we will proceed to describe the invern' In the drawings, in which snail-ar charcters designate similar parts throughout y the several views, Figure 1 is a side eleva-V tion, with parts broken aivay, of a machine which embodies a practical term et our invention as aforesaid; Fig. 2, a detail, in crosssection, through portions of the bed and carriage oit the machine, showing the manner in which the latter is supported and slides on the former; ,F ig. 3, a front end elevation, with parts broken away, ot said machine; il, a detail ot the driving mein ers bet veen the horizontal, main or driving shaft ot the machine and the vertiral Shaft at the rear end et the machine; Fig. 5, a detail ot the stopping and starting mechanism for the carriage; Fig. 6, aV

detail of the forward and reverse clutch mechanism tor said carriage; Fig. 7, an enlarged detail, in top plan and partial sec-V ltion, ot the rack carrying and actuating F ig. 8, anenlarged, top plan oit the cam which forms apart ot said mechanism; Fig. 9, an enlarged, vertical section through said cam and members rlosely associated therewith; Fig.` 10, an enlarged, side elevation of said clutch lmechanism Fig. 11, an enlarged', front elevation, in partial section, et said raclr carrying and actuating mechanism and the cutting element or chain breach and carrying or supporting members therefor; Fig. 12, an enlarged, side elevation ot the trent end, upper portion olf the machine; Fig, 1.13, a

mechanism detail in cross section, taken on lines 13-13,

looking doivn in Fig. 18; Fig. 14, an' enlarged detail, in front elevation and parila! srclioaI ot a poition o t'ie chain breach the same being placed horizontalh i .n A

on the sheet as are Filis. 15 and 16 al-Y though in practice said breach occupies a vertical or approximately vertical position, :is illustrated in other vieyvs; Fig. 15, a side elevation of the parts shown in Fig. 14; F 16, an enlarged, endV elevation ot' one "t the cutterdiars ot said vchain breach;

..- r'tion ot the chain breach and one et the .atino' ith-eels therefor, to illustrate more and actuating mechanism, the constructionV or arrangement otthe breach teeth, and

changes in some minor particulars, Vthe ina- 17, an enlarged detail ot the lower application, Wherefore Ait is not sought to Y claim the same in this application. rIhe trame of the machine, as illustrated in connection herewith, is indicated by theV numeral 1. At the front end or" the trame 1 are upper and under bearings V2 and 3, respectively,y for a Work shaft el. ivorl table 6 is formen at the top et the bearing 2. Journaled in upper yand under bea-rings 'T iframe, is sh'ait 9^. The frame is provided on top, intermediate-ot rthe `end portions thereof, 'ivitha bed 10.

Mounted on thenbed 10 to slide thereon lengthwise et the machine is a carriage 11, gibs 12 and bolts 113 being employed to hold said carriage inV placeron said bed, The carriage 11Vhas on the under side and Yextending longitudinally thereof, anut 14 Vin and S, respectively, in the rear end of the.

whivh there is an internally'screiv-liijeaded Y bushing 15. A horizontal, Voperating screw l'extends'into'the bushing 15 and engagesl 'said screiv is rotated and according to the direction otY such rotation. rlhe screiv 16 has at its rear terminal a'sliank 17 which is journaled in a bearing 18 in the frame 1. Mounted tor rotary adjustment in the tront end ot tho rarriage11vis a head 19, ivhich has tivotorwardly-extending arios 2O for rotary members that carry av chain breach 21. A horizontal, main or driving sha'tt 22 is supported at the rear terminal by a 'bean .ing 23 on. top oit the tramo, and joninaled at the forward terminal in the head 19, said shatt constituting the axis'upon which said head is adapted to be rotated. rlhe carriage 11 has at the 'front a 'hearing-box 2e for the under portion oit the head 19, ivliich bearin ,-box is providedrivith a bearing-cap 25` being` employed to Veecire said cap to said' for Vthe upper portion oit said head. bolts 2G Spaces are lett between ad-. 2land the box, as usual. Y jacent parts-.ot thebearingboi: bearing-cap 6 is a bearing' 2?, which supplements thefbearing V23 and the bearing afforded by the head 19, iior theshart 22. A pulley 2S is mounted on the shalt 22 in itront ot the bearing 2", and said pulley is driven by means et belt 29. It is at this pointthat' power is applied to drivethe entire machine.

Securedl to the shaft 22 immediately behind the head 19 is a gear 30. A. collar S1 on the shaft 22, in trent of the bea-ring- 27, and the gear 30 holo. said shaft against l,ngitndinal movement in the carriage 11 and the head 19. bevel-gear 31 has'apsleeve 32 which is Ymounted on the shaft 22 and t the rear end ot the car-4 journaled in the bearing The sleeve 32 is `provided with a collar or flange 33 in front of the bearing;` 23, which, with Vthe bevel-gear 3l, hold said sleeve against longitudinal movement, while at Ythe same time permitting the shaft Yto be moved longitudinally-see Figs. l and 4. The sleeve 32 is keyed to the shaft 22, but the latter is free to move longitudinally in the former. The bearing 23 has aV cap 34 secured thereto b bolts The longitudinal movement of t e carriage ll and with it the shaft 22 is comparatively slight, as will presently ap- Pear.'

Y Journaled in a bearing 36, on the frame .l forward of the bearing,r 23, is a shaft 37 which is at right-angles to but on a level with the shaft 22. Securedftoopposite endg of the shaft 37 in front of and behind the bearing 36 are two bevel-gears 38.` The Vrear bevel-gear. 38 intermeshes with the lbevelgear 31.

lt shouldv be noted in passing that the side of the machine illustrati-din F lf is considered' as the front side, and the lett-hand end of said machine as therein'illustratedl is considered as the front end, so that the terms front and rearor equivalent expres sions `apply to the 'machine transversely as well as longitudinally, according to the positionrom which the parts and members being described are viewed.

The shaft 9 has secured thereto above the bearing 7 a bevelgear 39 which intermeshes with the forward bevel-goal.' 38. Thus the shaft 9 is constantly driven from the shat't 22 through the medium of the bevel-gears 3l, 38 and 39. Secured to the shaft 9 below the bearingr 8 is a bevel-.gear 40.

Jonrnaled in bearings 41, 42, and 43, in the lower portion of the frame l, is a shaft 44 which extends longitudinally of th ma chine. The shaft 44 is driven from the shaft 9 by means of change-speed gears, represented at A, one of which intermeshes with the bevel-gear 40 and another with the bevelgear, indicated at 45, on the vearterminal of said shaft 44. Loosely mountedon the shaft 44, between the bearings 4l and 42, are two bevel-gears 46 each provided with a clutch member 47. Keyed to the shaft 44 and arranged to 'slide thereon between the clutch members 47 is 1hr` clutch member 48. A yoke 4S) has its lower, forked .terminal in ei'igagement with the clutch member48, and is secured at the 'upper end to the inner end of a horizontal spindle 50 that is ionrnaled inthe frame l, as best shown in Fig. 3. An operating lever is secured at the lower end to theouter terminal of the spindle 50. Theconstruction ot' this clutch is very similar to that more fully illustrated in Fig 6, and which will'subsequently be described in greater detail.

' thereof.

The clutch, which includes the members 4T. and 48, is represented in disconnected. or neutral position, but, by actuating the clutchl member'48 into engagement with'either oit the rclutch members 47, the beveh, ar 46 with which is connected the nie-mbe 7 new 79 engaged by the member 46 set in motion, through the medinnio'lf the shaft 44 and the engaged clutch inemfcrs. rind npon actuan ing the clutch meml .fr 4S into engagement with the other olntch n'ieniber '47 the connected bevel-gear is to revolve. Thus provision is made for in tion in either direction to a. be with which the bevetgears 46 said first-named bevel-gear seins,- d either of said second-named br while the other or said 'l 46 runs idly on the shaft ine member'lS is actuated in either di within the limits of its ti 'Y the yoke 49 and through trie me: Vlever 5l and the spindle 553.

The Ybevelgear 52 is secr: red to the inner terminal oi? the transverse shalt 53 that is jonrnaled in lparings 54 andb in the bot tom portion oi? the :traine lat the lront end A worin 56 is secured to the shaft between the bearings and 55. The worin 56 intermeshes with and drives a worin-wheel i seonred to the lower terminal of the shaft 4.

The shalt A- has an enlargement 5V et the lpier end,'wliioh eniargeinent sniiiported by and runs on a ball-bearing represented at the latter being set into the top oit the tabl-e 6. The won'\.-f-.vheel 37 below Vthe bearingl 3. fr bevel-gear is seemed to thshaft 4 directly under the bearing' a.

Shaitslll, 6l, and 62, which "e 'e in line with each other and parallel with the shaft 44 below, nre jonrnaled in hearings 63, (lil, 65, 66, and 67 in the trame l belovfthe horizontal plone et' the bed l0. Vlil@mired to the iorwerd Vterminal voit the shaft 60, in front oli the bearing 63, is a bevelae' Y 68 that intermeshes with the bevelfgear 59. The

is, therefore, driven from the shalt 4 through the medium et the l. -ovol;e:rrs 59 and 68. Seemed to the rear .rininal ot the shaft behind the bearinp Vis a elnteh member 6l); Keyed to the ilorvfard teiniimil of the shaft 6l to'cooperate with the clutch member 69 a clutch member "70. 'll-zivil vi its forked eng( vement with the cliitohenienihere 70 is a yolte 7l that is secured at the rpper terminal to a transverse shaft '72 jour neled in bearings 7 and 74 in the trent and reL r sides. resiinectivey, et the 'frame l, as shown in Fig.' 5. Ehe shaft 72 proiectslie vond the front side oit the traine, and secured such protruding tei nal is an erntingflever The lever is provided .j at the lower endwith a wedge-shaped part l plunger 77. The plunger' 77 is loeatel in a through a slot in the top of said frame into the path oi'f a screvv carried by the carriage 11, which sere-v: serves as an adjustable dog and is der" alter bj the numeral 80. The dog 0 i 'ope horizontally into and through a i 'front side oli the base usual Sl. 'will stop to use1 in eo attaehmen and bein j through i shaft 72, ano fue rolia the lever 7 5 to force 5 east the ai etl the pliinger tially rotated Yin the Withdr W he clutch member (rement with the clutch inezuier (39, such nmhdiawai being' ellected by means ot the yole '71., atl through the medium et' the shaitt 72. Yin-en the clutch is thus disengaged Jthe sha''t 6l ceases to revolve.

The eluteh member T has au annular groove S2 therein o vhich projects engaging members 88H83 on the inside ol the arms 1, all in the customary manner in detail in Secured to ront oit the bearing G6 is a gear N in tron-t t said gear. t 01 behind: the bearing is a oeveifjear SG having rconnected Vthere.vith a rlutch member S7.. similar a Seemed to here S8, haring connected Vtherewith a r 89, isseeured to the o? 4he Collar S5. The adts G1 and G2 meet in Q eyed to the sha'i't 0; betvveen the euitch mfmbers Si and S9. is

7 1.. a c Y 00 in which an 'f :lar groove 91 to receive projgeetions on t s ot the arms ot yoke 93,

is heet snovu in 0. rlfhe Clutch member Y0 adapted to be actuated by means of the he 933 into and out of ement with either clutch member 87 The ciutch member is shoivnn in engagement e up Vler tervith the clutch. member S7. ,i i

f nd to trans own Minh iihal oi" the jvolle 93 is seeufre verse shaft 911 is yournaled in a1bearingv 95 inthe front of the trame 1, and a' depending bearing'96 behind, The shaft 94- projects beyond the front side of the frame, and secured at the lower terminal to such protruding terminal of said shaft is an operatlei/*er 97. The lever 97 on theV outside i the bearing 95 and a collar 98 secured to the shaft 91 on the inside of said bearing hold said shaft against endWise movement. A transverse shaft or spindle 99 is journaled ina bearing 100 in the frame, and has secured tothe outer end thereof a collar 101 and to the inner end thereof a bevel-gear 102, said collar and gear holding said spindle against endwise movement. Thebevehgear 102 is Carried in position to intermesh with the bevel-gearsS and 86. l I

1t is 'now clear, assumingthat the clutch member is in engagement with the cluteh member 69, so that the shaft 61 is being revolved from the shaft 60`r that the bevel-gear SG is rotating the bevel-gear'102, and the.

'samedirection with the shaft '61, Ywhen the clutch member 90 is in engagement Wit-.h the clutch member 87, since the-former is keyed to the Vshaft G2; and that said shaft 02 must be revolved in the opposite direction, upon actuating said clutch member 90 out of engagement with said clutch member S7 and int-o engagement with the clutch member S9, because then said bevelegear 102 drives said member 90. 1n the iii'st case the driving connection is directly through. the clutch members S7 and 9,0, and in the second Case the driving Connection is through the bevelgears 80, 102, and 88, and the clutch members 89 and 90. The clutch member 90 is actuated in either direction, so as to engage it with either the clutch member S7 or'the clutch member 89, through the medium ot' the lever 97, shaft 9%, and yole 93. Thus provision is made for reversing the movement o1" the shaft 62, and with it the movement or" the carriage 11, which latterwill appear iore clearly from the explanation thatis to follow. Y

Secured yto the rear terminal of thegshatt 62 behind the bearing 67 is a gear 103, and secured to the rear terminal portion of the shank 17 behind the bearing 18 are a gear 104L and pinion'195. The gears 103, 104:, and 105 are elements of a change-speed mechanism, Vrepresented at B in Fig. 1, between the shait 02 and the shank 17, and through the medium or" Vwhich said shank,

and with it the screw 10, is rotated from said titl plement for the purposeof operating` said shank and the screw 9 Vdirectly-by hand, should occasion require.` .i

The twov sets ofl change-speed gears. designated by the letters .tand B are such as are commonly employed in michY 's v-.fherein u is desired to change fthe relative rates of rotation, and need no further dese iotion.

4Journaled in the front lr ends of the frame 1 'atlOS'and 199. .'especively, be-

low the shafts 60, 61. 'and (12. is a shaft 110,'.

volvinnr the same with the shaft 1.10 in one Y.

direction or the, other. the movement from said last-named shaft to said shank being transmitted through the gears 112 and 84E, said shaft 62, and the hannes-speed gears B.

The shaft. 4 is provided at the upper tei,- minal with an arbor 114., which arbor has a fiange 115 to bear on the top of said shaft.` as clearly shown in Fig. 9. Mounted on and scoured to the arbor 114 above the shaft 1 is a cam 116, and mounted on and secured to said arbor above said cam is a segmentalgear 117. The earn 11G :ind the s( 'mentalrear 117 are held in place ou the arbor 11A.- above the flange 115. by means of a nut 113 screwed onto the upper terminal of said arbor. and a Washer 119interposerl between said gear and said nut. The earn 116 and the segmental-gear 117 with their arbor 114 are parts of the attachment.

lVe will now describe the head 19 With 'its appurtenances, asbest illustrated in Figs. 13, 17, 18, and 19. The head 19 is a cylindr'al mcmbef arrangml for rotary adjustment in the front end ofthe carriage 11. with a flange outside of such end. Said hea d is secured in place after adjustment; by means of the bearing-cap 25 and the bolts 26. to whichV end the bearing-bott 24. and

said (rap are so propm'tioned as to leave the Vcooperate with an indicator pointor mark suitably locatedion the adjacent bearing or cap'flange, or for which point or marl: may be used the upper surface of the bearing 24 which is adjacent to said seale. By means of the scale 120 and the associated indicator merli the amount of rotary adjustment given the head 19 may be conveniently deter'unned.

.it shaft 121 isjournaled in the head 19 parallel with the shaft 22. The shaft 121 is en lower plane than the shaft 22, and Y nearer the front side of thecarriage 11. vSecured to the inner terminal of theishaft 121, which terminal protrudes from the head 19 behind the same, is a gearc 122 that intermeshes With the gear 3() on the shaft A thrust-bearing 123 is provided inthe head 19 for the shaft 121. This thrustbearing and the gear 122 prevent the shaft 121 from movingr longitudinally, and the former receives the thrust from a Worm 124. The thrust-bearing 123 is'adjacent to the front end of the head 19, and the shaft 121 projects forwardly beyond said bearing. The Worm 124; is secured to the forwardlyprojecting portion of the shaft 121 intermediate of the terminals of such portion.'

llVhen the head 19 is adjusted in its bearings in the carriage 11 and upon the shaft 22. said head carries with it the shaft 121 and all other connected parts and members, the gear 122 then riding around on the gear 30 to whatever extent is required during the adjustment of the head, and Without at any time becoming disengeged from said lastnamed gear. The shaft drives the shaft 121 through the medium of the `efearsBO and 122, and such transmission is ,not interfered withV by any post.. adiustnimit that .can be given the head 19 on said shaft 22. The-gear 122 is held in place on the shaft 121 by means of a nut 125V and a Washer 126.

The arms 20. at the front end ofthe heejid 19, are spaced apart and afford supports for the members which carry and directly aetnate the chain breach 21. One of the arms 20 also affords a bearingV for the foremost terminal of the shaft 121. which hearing: has a bushing 127 therein, as will be seen upon referring' to Fin'. 19. At tl e ton of the arms 2O are hushed bearings for a. shaft 123. er h of such bearings being completed by niV of a cap 129 secured in place by bolts 139; and at the bottom of said arms are hushed bearings for a shaft 1 sueh last-nanud bearings being completed by means of additional caps 129 and bolts 130. The shafts 128 and 131 are transverse shafts arranged with their aries in the-same vertical plane. Mounted on the shaft is apair of idiers 132, and mounted on the shaft131 is anais of notched driving,r Wheels The Wheels 133 and a Worm-Wheel 134: are secured to the shaft 131, said Worm-Wheel being in position to intermesh with the Worm 1241.. Said driving Wheels are, therefore, driven from the shaft 12,1, through the medium of the worin 124, the worni-wheel 134, and the shai'r't 1251. rihe notches in the wheels '1355 are clearly shown at 1o5 in Fig. 17. The. wheels and 133 in each pairv are spaced aparttov ena-ble the chain breach 911,-with the erft-option oi. cert-ain .projecting wheel-engaging' members ther-cot, to pass between said wheels.

Y On the liront ot' the a rms 2O are two chainhroach guides These define the course oit the che iy breach 21 in its passage thronpjh the cutting;v field. Each guide 136 is fastened, by means of a j ilurality ol screws 18'., to aninifardly-projecting, inset part 138, at the nt ond otono ol' the arms 20. Lateral slots 139 are Ytermed in each giiide 13G, extending` inwardly from the enter edge` thereof, to accommodate the. screws 137 andperinit said guide to he adjusted toward and away troni its companion on said screws when the latter are loosened.

4Two bolts 140 are tapped intoand through each arm 20, from the ontsideface or vertical edge thereot, to engage the outer edgje ot the adjacent guides 1536, and assist in holding said @guides aoainst outward displacement after adjustment has been effected and theV screws 137 tightened.

The cutting` element or chain-breach 21,

.present example there. .are live cntter-oars 143 in each unit, and each oit said cutterbai's is provided with sii; teeth 145, but the number ot teeth will vary in dierent breaches. The row ot teeth 145 on each cntter-bar 143 is arranged in parallel relation with the sides of said bar, andsiich row is in line with the rows on. the preceding and following cutter-hars, so that there are iive complete rows or" teeth aronnd the breach, all of which are in parallel relation with each other and with the sides ot the cutterbars and linls 141. .ln other words, the teeth on this chain-breach are not arranged to torni a. lead or leads, as they are in the machine to which reference has been made. r1`hus strips 146 may be introdnced. between the cutterfbars 143, and between said bars and the inner sii es oi" the links 14' to pro- 7ide the breach with the necessary lands. rllhe cutter-bars 1.4?) with their teeth 145 project outwardly beyond the linlrs 141 and the land strips 146. n Y i At the leading end ot each cutter-bar 143 is a curved projection 147, and a generally similar part 148is formed 'at the opposite end ot said bar, at which latter entL there is also a part 149 thateXtends rearwardly, in the direction of travel, from the' inner end et' Y said bars.

said part 14S. When the ciitteihais 14,21 in contiguous units are traveling in a straight line, the leading end of any following` bar, or

and when said two bars are ont oi said straight line, as when they'pass over or under the wheels 132 or 133, respectively, said joint. opens and the part 14S and the projection l'V roll on cach other. The joint 153() in each f case continues in a straight line between the cutter-hars in two contiguous` units. which line is at right-angles to the sides of The ends'oft the land strips 1116 may be termedv in a similar manner to the ends of the critter-bars 143, or otherwise. as' may be desired.

At the leading' end of each link 141 is a lug 151, and at the opposite end ot suchlinlr are two lugs 152 between which latter said lng 151 on the ner; following linlr is reccived. Each nin 142 passes through the lugs 151 and 152 olf two ot the links 141 on each side ot a unit, and through the leading ends of the tive cnttenbars 143 and 't the strips 146 between said linlrs in said unit. Said pin projects on both ends beyond the two linlrs connected thereby, and is held against endwise movement by means of a screw153.

Each screw 144 passes' through the rear terminal portion ot' one of the links 141, and 4 through the adjacent lands 146 and cutlerbars 143, to be tapped into the linli 141 on the opposite side. Thus the screws 144 when seated. draw the links 141.0n opposite sides tigfhly against the intervening cutter-hais 143 and strips 146, and secure said bars and sti-ips to said links in such a manner that there is no independent movement between the parts and members which enter into the construction ot each chain-breach unit. These units. however, are pivotally conlofi nei-ted b v the pins 142 and have relative movement onl said pins inwardly out of the perpendicular. bnt can .not more outwardly out olf the perpendicular because ot the parts which torni the joints 150. i

The projecting' terminals of the pins 14E are adapted to be received in the notches 1255 in the wheels '133,wliich notches are properly spaced for that purpose, and to travel over the peripheries ot the whe-e s 132. As the worin-wheel 184, which is actuated by the worin 124, revolves` it rotates the sli-att 1.31 and the driving` wheels 183, and the latter impart motion to the chain-breach Q1. As shown at 154 in Fie'. 13. a vertical channel is made in. each arm 2O to receive the adjacent protriidingj terminals of the downwardly-moving pins-132 inthe front reach Passing now to the attachment, andhav- Vinnr reference moreparticnlarlyto Fes` `is here represented by three rech to 12, inclusiva-.it will be seen that the sw includes a horizontal supporting` bloei-q l which is mounted on and Securely attachedz to the table 6, anda horizontal, sliding c@ r-ier'or Vholder156 for the work. Y heil-litter blanks 157, all of which are in the act oit being cnt an formed into'racks. lt may be stated at thi point that one or any number ot blanks Within-the capacity ot themachine can be hroached at a time. The block 155 exter traversely of the machine. and theV Work holder 156 has a dove-tail projection on the forward side thereof to litinto and slide in a corresponding` slot in the baci( side of said block. such slot being designated by the numeral 1.58. The slot 158 extends length- Wiseof the block 155. The co'iistruction, arrangement, and position of the block and the holder 156 are such that the latter is capable of being actuated horizontally in either direction, and.. therefore. at ri fhtangles to vthe vertical path or plane of the forward reach of the chain breach 21 1when said broach is so positioned that its path is Vertical. In the hack side of the holder i is a longitudinal slot'159 in which the work is received. The blanks 157 are set into the slot 1,59 and securely held t in,` by means of a plurality of bolts 166 which are tapped into and through thatportion ot the holder 156 that'extends over the slot 1.59. The blanks 157 must. ot course. project a sui'tcient distance behind the slot 1.59 to enable the breach 21 to cut the full depth ot. teeth in said blanks without coming into contact with lthe .holderV 156.

The rack 161. is secured to the top et the bolder 156. The rack 161 extends lengtl wise of the holder 156. and projects over the znljaccnt portieri oi the'block 155. and said rack is arranged with its teeth on the front edge thereof and in the path of the teeth ott the `segmental-grear 1.17..

The block 155 supports the upper terminal portion of the arbor 1111 by affording bearings for the hubs of the cani 116 and the securely heid roeatef i.;

, vith their axes 'in a horizontal plane con on tozsaid axes and te the axis ot the pin 163. Said pin serves as a leeljior the holder 106, whereby thev same be against endwise movement Whenever the pin 'is thrust into one of the onenin frs .166. rlhe rect: 161is intermittently actuated bythe se 117, which latter is pro"ided n Lhe number oil teeth required to i. r cir n distance equal to the distance Y the centers ot tvro adjacent openings 166. ln the present construction the raelr 161 and with it the holder 156 is intermittently actuated at each revolntionyot the segmental-gear 117.

The .lever 165 'is above the 116 and Ween the holt 169 and the tree end of said lever, the enter terminal or" the lock pin 165 is Lvotaily connected 172 1with sai 1" "li said slot; said 'ein having .1. receive ne lever. Bej trom the free end ot the lever 165 swivel 172, and conneetinev said swivel th the clutchoneratine lever 67 is a 'connectinrod l Ward .1.,r'i'inal ot the. ily connected. at 'i' il o? the lever 97.

i The groove 166 in the cam 11.6 has part that causes the roll 167 to be tl'nust `ont- Wardly or carried forwardly each revolution oit sain lVhen the roll 167 is thus carried forwardly by the cam 116. the lever 165, savino l on the pivot 164i, is carried by said roll in the same direction, and said lever carries with it the loch pin 163 and the Connect'iiw-rod 176. This action or novement on he part oit the lever 165 first causes the pin 162 to be withdrawn 'from the openingr 1.66 whereii'i the inner `terminal ot seid pinu'as entered. with the s'esiiit that the bolder 156 the clutch n'ieinlf-er 90 to be disengaged trom the clutch member S7 and en; ined with the clutch member 89. thereby reiv sing; the carriage. Finally the segment l-gear 117 en gages the rack 161 and aetlates said raclr and the holder 156 ivithfthe blanhs157 to therig` it ih. to loc the opening 166 that e i e wenn inthe direction of f 'l l trav i er. the to the opening 166 last by tne pin 163. The connecting-rod acts through the medium et the parts which intervene between it and the' clutch the holder 156. OtherV blanks may nonvv be placedin position and Vsecured with the bolts 160, and cut in the same manner as before.

In the event it be desired Vto cut teeth in the worl-z, which teeth vare oblique, the head 191isrst adjusted on its axis in the carriage 11, until the plane of thepath lofthe chain broach is inclined at the required. angle.

`What we, claim as 'our invention', and desire to secure by` Letters Patent, .is-

1. `In a vrack-broaching machine, means to aetuate the `Work intermittently, and a cutting Aelement.passing continuously through tive to the-work.

2. In a rack-broaching machine, means to aetuate the .work intermittently, means .to lock said Work when stationary, and acuting element passing through a circuitous path a portion ot' which is straight and in operative position relative to .the Work.

. 3. In -a rack-broaching machine, means to actuate the Work intermittently, a cutting element passing continuously through a straight path in operative position relative to the Work, and means to advance said element toward said Work and retract it therefrom Y 4. In a rack-broaching machine, means to actuate the Work intermittently, means to lock said work when stationary, a cutting element passing through a continuous path a portion of which-is straight and inY operative position. relative 'to the work, and means to advance saidelement toward said Work and retract it therefrom.

5. In a rack-breaching machine, means to aetnate the work intermittently, a cutting element passing continuously through a straight path inoperative position relative tothe Work, and means to separate said Work and cutting element, to enable the Work-to be actuated.

6. In a rack-broaching machine, a cutting element passing continuously through a straight path, and means to carry the Work and present consecutive portions thereof to aatraght path in operativeposition relathe action of said element, said path being in operative position relative to the World 7. In avrack-broaching machine, means to actnate the work intermittently, a cutting element passing through a'ci'rcuitous path a portion of which is straight and in operative position relative to the Work, means to separate said work and cutting element to enable the work to be actuated, and means to lock `and. release said Work vWhen stationary; A

8. In a rack-bronching machine, means to actuate the work intermittently, and cutting element made flexible to enable the same to pass through a4 circuitous path a portion of which` is straight and in operative position relative to the Work;

9'.,In a rack-breachingmachine, means to actuate Work intermittently, and a cutting element jointed to enable it to pass through circuitous path a portion of which element in the plane otl said path, and means to actuate said first-named means While said element is in its retracted position. i

12. VIn a raclr-broacliing machine, WorkholdingY means, av-cutting element passing continuously through a straight path in operative position relative to said means, means ladvance and retract said element in the plane ot' said path, and means to actnate said rrst-named means a distance equaly to the Width o1 the cutting members of said element, each time said element is retracted.

13. In a rack-breaching machine, Workholding means, andV a cutting element passing cont-innen operative pcs^ said element having rows of teeth 'thereon which are'liarallel with the plane of said` path.

.14. In a rack-bleaching machine, Work-` holding means, and a, cutting element made flexible to enable it to passthrough a circnitens path a portion oi wnich is straight and in operative position relative to said means, said element having rows. of teeth thereon which are parallel with the plane of said path. i

l5. In a 1ach-breaching machine, Workholding means, and a cutting element jointedV to enable it to pass 'through a circuitous path a portion of which is straight and in operative position relative to said means, said element` having rows ot teeth thereon which are parallel with. the plane of said path. Y

16. In arack-breaching machine, Worlholding means, a cutting element made flexible to enable it to pass through a circuitous Vpath a portion of which is straight and in operative position to said means, said element having ron/'s' of teeth thereon which are in parallel relation to the plane of said path, and meansto advance and retract said element in said path.

i7. The combination, in a rack-broaching machine, Vwith Work-carryingmeans, of a Vcutting element madefflexibleA tor enable it to y through a straight path inV ion relative to said means,

f units.

pass through a'circuitous path, and having rows ot teeth which are parallel vwith the sides of said element.

i8. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with work-carrying means, otV aV cutting element jointed to enable it .to pass' through a circuitous path, and having rows ot 'teeth which are.v parallel with the sides of said element. v

19. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with work-carrying means, ot a cutting element comprising units which are articulated together to enable said element to pass througha circuitous pat-h an-d have rows ot teeth parallel with the sides of said 20. ln a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element having rows of teeth parallel with the sides oit said element, supporting and driving .mea-ns for said element, and means to reciprocate said last-named means.

2l. In a 1ack-bioacliing machine, a cutting elenient having rows et teeth parallel with the sides thereof, supporting and driving means Afor `said element, and'means to adjust said element at different angles 22. In a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element having rows ot teethparallel withthe sides thereof, supporting and driving means for said element, means to adjust said'elcment at different. angles, and means to reciprocate said supporting and driving means.. Y Y

23. ln a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element having rows ot teeth parallel with the sides thereof, means to support and drive said elementwith a portion oitthc saine in a straight path, and a member adjustable about its axis and adapted to sup# port and carry said means.

Qel. ln a rael--broaching machine, a cutting'element having rows oit teeth parallel with the sides thereot, means to support and drive said element with a portion ot the same in a straight path, a member adjustable about its axis and adapted to sup-- port and carry said means, and means to reciprocate said adjustable member.

25. In a rack-breaching machine, a cut-- ting element passing continuously through a straight path, and having rows of teeth parallel with the sides ot Vsaid element, nieans to support and drive said element., and means to guide said element throughy said path.

26. In a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element made flexible to enable it to pass continuously through a straight path, and-having rows of teeth parallel with the sides of said element, means'to support and drive said element, andlmeans' to guide said element through said path. Y

27. In a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element ointedt'o enable it to pass continuously through a straight path, and

` having rows of teeth parallel with the sides ot said element, means to support and 'drive said element, and means to guide said ment ythrough said path.

28. In rack-breaching machine, a cutting element having rows of teeth parallel Awith the sides ot' said element, means to support and drive said element "in apath .a portion of 'which is straight, and'lateral guiding means tor said element as -it passes through the straight portion olf said path.y

29. ln a rack-breaching machine, a cut.- ting elementhaving rows'of teeth parallel with the sides thereof, means to support and drive said element in a path a portion ot which is straight, and means .to hold said element againstmovement toward or away from the plane common to the axes ot said supporting and driving means as said element passes through the straightV portion et said path.

A3), ln aV rack-breaching machine, a cutting element passing continuously through a straight path, and having rows 01"' teeth parallel with the sides of said element, means to support and drive said element in said path, and means to prevent said element from being deflected in any direction from said path as said element passes through the same.

3l. ln a rack-breaching machine, a cutting element made flexible to enable it to pass continuously through a straight path,

and having rows ot teeth parallel with thev sides ot'said element, means to support and drive said element in said path, and means toV prevent said element 'from being deflected iny any direction from saidA path as said elen ment passes through the same.

32. ln a rack-breaching Ymachine, a Vcutting element ointed to enable it to pass conn tinuously 'through a straight path, and having rows or' teeth parallel'with the sides of said element, 4means to support and drive said element in said path, and means to prevent said element from being deflected in any direction from said pathv as said element passes through the same. y

33. ln a raclebroaching machine, a cutting element comprising articulated side links, intervening cutter-bars having .teeth in parallel relation to said links, and means to attach said cutter-bars to saidlinlrs. f

34. In a i'acl bioacl1ing machine, a cutting element comprising side links, intervening cutter-bars having teeth thereon which are in parallel relation to ysaid bars,V

pins passing through contiguous terminals ot said links and saldybarsa't one end, and

binding screws passing through said linksV `said carriage, a drive shaft, and means to actuate said cutting element from `saidA shaft, of Work-holding means, and automaticmeans intermittently to actuate said'niorkholding means and change the direction said screws. Y

said carriafe, a drivingr shatt, and means to Y actuate said cutting element lfrom saidshatt,

to drive said work shaft from said drive of Work-holding means, and means, operated from sald shaft, intermittently to attuate said Work-holding means and to change the direction of said screw.

37. The combination, in a rack-broaching machine, with a carriage, an operatingscrew for said carriage, a cutting element'carried lby said carriage, a drive shaft, and means to actuate said element from said shaft, of Work-holding means,va Work shatt, means Vmeans'to change the direction oit said screw.

38. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with a cutting element driven in a path a portion of which is straight, ot

means to support the Work in operative position relative to the straight portion oli said path, and automatic means intern'iittingly to actuate said Work-supporting means.

The combinatiomin a iaclr-broaching machine, With a cutting element, driving means for said element, and reciprocating means for said element, said last-named means consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, of a sliding holder ttor the work, and automatic means intermittently to operate said clutch mechanism, and actuate said holder.

40. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, With a cutting element, driving means for said element, and reciprocating p means for said element, said last-named means consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, of a sliding holder for the wor-lr, a lock `for such holder, and automatic means intermittently to release said holder Yfrom said lock, operate said clutch mechanism, and actuate said holder. Y

41. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, With cutting'V element, driving means for said element, and reciprocating means for said element, said last-named means consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, of a sliding holder .it'or the Work, and automatic means sequentially to operate said clutch mechanism, actuate said holder, and again operate said clutch mechanism.

42. The combination, in a rack-broaching machine, with a cutting element, driving means Vfor said clen'ient, and reciprocating meanstor said element, said last-named means consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, of a sliding holder for the Werl-, locking means for said hoider, and automatic meansV sequentially to unlock said holder, operate said clutchmechanism, actnate said holder, reloclr the saine, and again operate said clutch mechanism. Y

43. The combination, in a raclreaching machine, with a cutting element, means toY drive said element, and means to reciprocate said element, said last-named means consist-- ing in part of a clutch mechanism, oi a sliding holder for the ivorl, said holder being' provided With. a rack, a constantly-rotating member having secured thereto a segmentah; gear in operativeposition relative to said rack, and a cam, a pivoted lever operatively connected with said cam, and connecting means between said lever and Vsaid clutch mechanism.

f4.4. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with a cutting element, means to drive said element, and meansto reciprocate said element, said last-named means consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, of a sliding holder for the Work, said holder being provided with a rack, a constantly-rotating inembe' having secured thereto a segmentalgear in operative position relative to said rack, and a cam,a pivoted lever operatively connected with said cam, connecting means between Vsaid lever and said clutch mechanism, and means connected with said lever to lock and release said holder.

45. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with a cutting element, means 'to drive said eleinent,means to reciprocate said element, said-last-named means consisting in part of af clutch. mechanism, a Work shaft, means to drive said shaft, and a cam and a segmental-gear driven by said Work shaft, of a sliding holder for the Work, Vsaid holder being provided with a rack in the path of said gear, a pivoted lever having a part in engagement with said cam, and connecting means between said lever and said clutch mechanism.

46. The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with a cutting element', means to drive said clement, means to reciprocate said element, said last-named means consisting in part oit a clutch mechanism, a Work shaft, means to drive said shaft, and a caniv and a segmental-gear driven by said Work shaft, of a sliding holder for the Work, said Vholder being provided with., a rack in the llU ' seninentai-gear eonnee' ed with sain sha a hiocl, a Work holder slidingiv `with said block, and provide(L i l in the path of said gear, said hoider han recesses therein, a lever pivote` v conne Le-d with said block, and hin/'ingpart for en- ;einent with said earn, anda hielt-nin ,shdinoglv arranged in said lilocl; and core neetedi'witn said ever, said pin being adapted to enter anj; ot' said recesses.

n The combination, in a inc1 breach- Y machine, with a cutting element, to ldrive said element, and means to re :inror-ate said clement, said last-named'ineens 'consisting in part of a clutch mechanism, ot a Work shaft, a cain and a segr-,mentai- ,frear connected with saidshz a block, a ,vorl; holder slid'ingjly connected with said block, and provided with a rack in the path ot said great', a lever piN-rotall)7 connected. with saidY block, and having a part in enginent with said cani, and connecting' means between said leverand said clutch mechanism.

#fl-5). The combination, in a racl-f-oroaching' inachiiie` Witl a cutting element, means to drive said element, ineans to reciprocate said element, said la, minedjineans consistin part of a clilteh lneehanisr oli a work shaft, a cani and a Segenrental-gein' connectwith said shaft, a block. a Work holder slidino'lv connecten With said hlocl, and

provided with a rack in the path 'ci said orar, said holder hz recesses therein, a

lever pivotally connected with said block, and having a part in engl re" ent with said cani., connecting` means he yveen said lever and said clutch inechani and a lock Qin arranged to slide in sain clock, and connected with said lever, said pin hein?, adapt! to drive sai(L eleinent, and ineans to recipro-l cate said eleinent,V ot a Work holder, and

nati' nie-ans to VactuateV said holder a n ual to the vvidth o'fsaidxroivs ot saie eltn'ient is inretracted ponl;ination, in a rack-breaching machine, vsi 'h a cutting element comprising.

inhination, in a raclebroaching i i' i a cutting` elenient.comprising rows of teeth laterally, ineans id eleireiit, and ineans to reciproi elein'ent, et a Work holder, vauto- Vrota-tic ineans to actuate said .vorli holder a distance equal to thewidth of said 'teetln and antoinatic ineans to lock said vWork holder at'the end of such inoveinent.

The combination, in a rack-breaching machine, with a cutting,` eleinent, means to drive said eleinent, and ineansto reciprocate the saine, orfavvorlr holder, ine-ans to canse said elein'en; to he retracted at the end ot its operation on a given portion of the Work, means to aetuate said Werl; holder to present 1h next portion ot the Work to the action of s id eleinent, and means to cause said ele nient to advance.

'lie combination, in a rack-breaching nia hine, with a cutting; eleinent, means to drive said element, and `ineans to reciprocate 'he saine, ot' a slid-,ingr Worl holder, locking nieans 'for said Worli holder, means to cause sai"` eleinent'to he retracted at the end of its operation on a given portion of the Work,

and subsequently to he advanced, ineans to nnloclr and subsequently toV relock said holder, and means to actuate said holder, while unlocked and said cleinent is in retracted position, to gresent the next succeed ing portion of the Work to the action of said eleinent.

JUAN L. PERKNS. HRM D. GROFT.

lNitnesses F. A. CUTTER,

C. C. lVnsT. 

